ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ 
ืžืฉื ืช 1995- ืžื•ืกืžืš ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช    
ืงื•ื ื™ื ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ? 
ืชื ื• ืœื ื•  ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช 
ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ, ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื, ื”ื”ืชืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื , ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืžื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ืœืขืจื™ื›ืช ื“ื™ืŸ  ื‘ืืจืฅ,  ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื›ื™ ืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ  ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื ื›ืก  ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.

ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™
ืžืฆืื ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื•ืืชื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ? ืžืชืœื‘ื˜ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื ื›ืก ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ืืชื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื•ืฅ ? ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื ื›ืก ืžืชืื™ื ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ื›ืก ? ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื›ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืžื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ .

ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขืœ ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื•ืŸ ( ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืืชื•ื ื” -ืฉื ืช 1994 ) ื™ืขื ื™ืง ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ – ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ, ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื, ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื”, ื‘ื ืงื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ  ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ ืžืก ื•ืขื•ื“... ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื›ื ืžื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจ. 

ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื– ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ื•ื”ืฆืคื™ื” ืœืชืฉื•ืื” ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืืชื ืงื•ื ื™ื ื ื›ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืขื“ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืื” ื”ืžืงืกื™ืžืืœื™ืช ืžื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ืจื—ื•ืง, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืืชื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื›ืก ื•ื›ื™ ืœื "ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื›ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘" ื‘ืคืขืจื™ ืชื™ื•ื•ืš ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื, ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืชื™ืจืฉืžื• ื›ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžืงืจืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื ื›ืก, ืื• ืืฃ ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื›ืš ืฉืชืจื›ืฉื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืœื ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ื ื“ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื ืขื• ืืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื ื›ืก ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืฉืžื›ื, ื•ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืœื ืœืจืขืชื›ื ื›ื–ืจื™ื ืชื•ืš ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืงืฉื™ื™ ื”ืฉืคื” ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื›ื ืื• ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื›ื ื‘ืขืกืงื” . 

ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืกืจ ืกืคืง ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื–ืžื™ืช ื•ืœื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืืœื ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœื›ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืก ืฉืืชื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจ ืžื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืชืžืฆืื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœื ื• .

ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ื™ืขื ื™ืง ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ :

1. ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ืžืก ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ - AFM ( ื ื™ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื— ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ ื’ื ืžืจื—ื•ืง ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœื™ื•ื•ืŸ ) .
2. ืชืจื’ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™  [ ืžืขื‘ืจื™ืช  ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช  ] ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืขื ืืคื•ืกื˜ื™ืœ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ .
3. ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
4.ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืข"ืž ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
5. ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•/ืื• ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื•/ืื• ืžื•"ืž ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก ืžื•ืœ ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื•'.
6. ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก.
7. ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื ื›ืก ื‘ืžืจืฉื ื”ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื’ื•ืœื“ืŸ ื•ื™ื–ื” ( ืชื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช) .
8. ื”ืžืœืฆื” ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื ื›ืก.
9. ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื ื›ืก ืฉืจื›ืฉืชื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
10. ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื ืขื•"ื“ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื ื•/ืื• ืœื—ื•ื‘ืชื›ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.

         ืœื ื•ื—ื™ื•ืชื›ื ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื• ืžืœื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืขืกืงืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ :

  1. ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ / ืžืชื•ื•ืš.
  2. ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืžืก / ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ .
  3. ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ .
  4. ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ .
  5. ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืื–ืจื—ื™ .
  6. ืงื‘ืœืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฆื™ื .

ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ

ืžืืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“:

 ืขื•"ื“ ื•ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืื ื—ืœื™ื—ืœ


ืืชืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ

ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืžืื ื—ืœื™ื—ืœ, ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื•ืชื™ืง ืืฉืจ ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ( ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ) ืฉืœื• ื‘ืืชื•ื ื” - ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1994 ืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ , ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื•ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืจืงื ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื , ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื  ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืชื•ื ื” ื•ืกืœื•ื ื™ืงื™, ืฉื™ืชื ื• ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก ื•/ืื• ืžื›ื™ืจืชื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.


ืขื•"ื“ ื”ืžืื ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืขื ื™ืง ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ืื—ืจืื™ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื‘ืคืจื˜ , ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื›ื ื•ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช .


ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืขื ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคื” ื•ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืกืงื”, ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืคืขืœ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืœื ืขืžื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ืžื” , ื•ืืชื ืื›ืŸ ืชื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืชื”ื™ื• "ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช" ืœืœื ืกืคืง.


ืื ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉื ื ืขื•ื“ ื›ืืœื” ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืžื•ื ื— ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืฉ, ืืœื ืจืง ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชืชื ื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื›ืŸ ืชืฉืชื›ื ืขื• ืฉื–ื• ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื , ื•ืื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”, ื•ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืขืกืงื” ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื•ืื•ืฉืจ ืจื‘ .


ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืกืคืง ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ืžืก ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืงื•ื“ ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืจื’ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ืขื ืืคื•ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš .


ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ืžืขื ื™ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™| ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ| ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉื” | ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื | ื”ืงืžืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ .


ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืืชืจ ื ื›ืก ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืืœื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืžืฉ, ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขืจื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืืชื•ื ื” ื•ืกืœื•ื ื™ืงื™, ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื”ื“ื™ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื•ืืœื• ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ื•ืžืืœื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื“ืื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืœืœื ื›ืœ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื—ื™ืจ, ืืช ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื ื›ืก ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืืœื™ ื•ืœืฉืœื ืขืœื™ื• ืžื—ื™ืจ ืจื™ืืœื™ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื–ืจื— ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื "ื™ืขืฉื• ืขืœื™ื›ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘". 


ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื• ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžื•ืœื›ื ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืœืื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืืชื ืœื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ื›ืคืœ ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื”ื ืจื›ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœื ”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืจื™ื“ ืืœื ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื’ื ืžื”ืื–ืจื— ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ื—ื” ืื• ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื ื“ืกื™ืช ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืžืœืื” ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื•ื›ื•' , ื•ืืฃ ื ืฉืžื— ืœืงืฉืจ ืื•ืชื›ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ืขืžื ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœ ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื, ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืจื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืื•ืชื›ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื•ืช ืขืจืš ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื•ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก .


ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื•/ืื• "ืœื™ื•ื•ื™" ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ื™ืฉื ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืžื•ื ื—, ืžืฆื“ื ื• ื‘ืื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ืœืขืจื™ื›ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืžื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกืจ ืกืคืง ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ืชื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก ื‘ืขื–ืจืชื ื• ื›ืš ื’ื ืื ืืชื ื ืขื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืืชื ื—ืฉื™ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืขื•ื“ ืขื™ืŸ ืžืคืงื—ืช ืœื™ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื–ื”ื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• . ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื ื• ื•ืขื‘ื“ื•ืชื ื• ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื”ืœ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื• , ื•ืžืฆื“ื ื• ื ืฉืžื— ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœื›ื ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื ื• ื›ื ืฆื™ื’ื›ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื•ื’ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.

ืœื—ืฆื• ื›ืืŸ ืœื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื•

ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžืฆื ื ื›ืก ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื›ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœื‘ ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืชืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื•ื•ืš ื”ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขืžืŸ ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ( ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืฆืœ ืฉืœ ืกืคืง ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืžืชื•ื•ืš ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช) ื›ืš ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืจืฉื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ "ืœืœื ืคื™ืœื˜ืจื™ื", ื•ืื ื• ื ื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื•ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœ .


ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ , ื™ืœื•ื•ื” ืื•ื›ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื ื™ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœ, ื”ื—ืœ ืžืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ืขื ืืคื•ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ , ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืก' ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ( ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš) ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ( ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ) , ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื”ื ื›ืก ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชื™ื•ื•ืš ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื›ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืœื ื›ืก ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจืชื• ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืจื—ื•ืง , ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื•ื”ื”ื ื“ืกื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื˜ืจื ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื”, ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืกืžืš ื•ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ , ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื ื›ืก ื‘ืžืจืฉื ื”ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ , ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืงืžืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืข"ืž ืœืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉื™ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ , ื”ืขืกืงื™ ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื•ืืฃ ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™.


 “ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื‘ื“ ื ื›ืก ื ื“ืœ”ืŸ, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ืื•ืชื• ืžืžืงื•ืžื•. ื ื“ืœ”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื” ืคืจื ืงืœื™ืŸ ื“. ืจื•ื–ื•ื•ืœื˜, ื ืฉื™ื ืืจื””ื‘ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ


ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืงื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ


ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ื•ื ืชืงืฆื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื“ืขืช ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืš ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ - ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ืฃ ื™ืฉ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืžืœื ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื :

 

1.

ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืชื• ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืื• ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื ื™ืฉื•ื ( AFM) ( tax number) ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื•/ืื• ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืื• ื”ืงืžืช ืขืกืง ื‘ืฉื•ืžื” ืžืžืกืคืจ ืขื•ืกืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื. ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจ ืœื‘ื“, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืื• ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืกืžืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›- 150 ืื™ืจื• ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืคื™ืกื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ื™ื Department of Foreign Residents ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืชื ื‘ืืชื•ื ื” ืœืžืฉืœ Metsovou 4, Athens 106 82 ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ืขื” ืžืจืืฉ ืขื ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœืœื ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื , ื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ืžืจื—ื•ืง ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื— ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื ืืคื•ืกื˜ื™ืœ ืœื”ืกืžื›ืช ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ืœืœื ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื›ื ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ 700 ืฉ"ื— ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืฉืžื›ื ืฉื.


2.

ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชื™ื•ื•ืš ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืžื” ืืชืจื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ืœืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื™ื“ 2 ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.   ืจืื” ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ืฃ  .

         

3.

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืฆืืชื ื”ื ื›ืก ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ื ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชืคืชื•ืช ืจืง ืžืžื—ื™ืจ ื–ื•ืœ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื•ืžื™ืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืงื•ืžื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ืงืจื‘ื” ืœืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ืžื˜ืจื”, ืื– ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืื•ืชื•ืช [due dilignce] ื‘ืฉืžื›ื ื•ืžื˜ืขืžื›ื ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืžืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™, ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื”ื ื“ืก ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืขื“ืจ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืืชื ืื›ืŸ ืงื•ื ื™ื ื ื›ืก ืœืœื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ื ื“ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืœื ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื›ืกืคื›ื. ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื”ื ื“ืก ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืžื˜ืขืžื• ืืš ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืžืื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืžื˜ืขืžื›ื ืฉื™ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ืœื™ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•'.


4.

ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื›ื™ ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืœืขื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ืืกื•ืคืช ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื˜ืจื ืชื™ืงื‘ืข ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืžื›ืจ.

 

5.
ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืชืฉืœื•ื ืกืžืœื™ ื”ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื” ืืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืคืงื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžื•ื›ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืžื ืœื ื™ื™ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืžืงื“ืžื” ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืกืงื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืžื ื”. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื— ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื”ื’ื ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ืขืจืช ืื–ื”ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื•ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ "ืœื‘ืจื•ื—" ืœื›ื ืขื ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืžื” ื›ื™ ืืชื "ืชื•ืคืกื™ื" ืœื• ืืช ื”ื ื›ืก ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.


6.
ืœืื—ืจ ืชื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœื•ืงื— ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืจืง ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืื ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืืฆืœ ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืžื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื”ืขืจื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืื™ ื›ื— ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืฉืื’ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

 

7.
ื‘ื˜ืจื ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืžืก ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›- 3.1 % ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ื ื›ืก ื”ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ืขืกืงื” ืื• ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื–ื” ื’ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืืช ืฉื›ืจื• ื‘ืกืš ืฉืœ 1% ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืข"ืž ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 24% ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื›ืจ ืขื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ื•ืกื›ื ( ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ 1% ืขื“ 2% + ืžืข"ืž ) ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืชื•ื•ืš ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›- 2% + ืžืข"ืž ื•ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช ืชื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉืœื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืชืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืขืช ืื–ื”ืจื” ื‘ืื ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืืœ ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื”ืขืกืงื” ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœืช ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืชืคืกื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืžืงื“ืžื” ื•ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืœืžืชื.

 

8.
ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืงืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขื“ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื™ื™ืจืฉืžื• ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืžืจืฉื ื”ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืœื ื› 0.5% ื”ื™ื˜ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื–ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื˜ืื‘ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ( ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ) ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืžืœืฉื›ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ( ื˜ืื‘ื•) .

 

9.
ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืชื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืžื›ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ืฉื™ืคืชื— ืขืœ ืฉืžื›ื ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื ื›ืก ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื ืฉืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื ื›ืก ื•ืชืคืขืœื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืชื™ืืœืฆื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืงืฉื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืฉื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื›ืœ ื‘ื ืง ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืจื’ื ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืขื ืืคื•ืกื˜ื™ืœ ( ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื• ืžืขื ื™ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื” ) ื•ืžืฉื ื™ืฉ ืœืชืื ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื•ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ .


10.
ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื• ื ืจืฉื ื”ื ื›ืก ืขืœ ืฉืžื›ื ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื—ืฉืžืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืืจื ื•ื ื” ENFIA  ืฉืชื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉืœื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื–ื›ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™.

 

11.
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉืœื ืžืก ืฉื‘ื—- ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ื‘ื‘ื•ื ื”ืขืช ื›ืฉืชื—ืคืฆื• ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื›ืก ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืžืก ืฉื‘ื— ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ืžื•ืงืคื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืžืชื™ ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื•ืื– ื”ืžืก ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 10% ืžื”ืฉื‘ื— .

 

12.
ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชืžื›ืจื• ื ื›ืกื™ื ืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืื–ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืชืจืื” ื‘ื›ื ื›ืžื™ ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœ ืขืกืง ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืชื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉืœื ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืื ืืชื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืข"ืž ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

 

13.
ืขืœื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืจืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืžื˜ืจ ื ืขื” ื‘ื™ืŸ 400 ืขื“ 600 ืื™ืจื• ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืชื–ื“ืงืงื• ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ื‘ืื ืืชื ืœื ืฉื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื”ื ื›ืก ื› AIRBNB .

 

14.
ื”ืžืก ืขืœ ื“ืžื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื™ื ื™ืืจื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 15% ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 12000 ืื™ืจื• ื•ืžืกื›ื•ื ื–ื” ื•ืขื“ 35,000 ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื•ื 35% ื•ืžืกื›ื•ื ื–ื” ื•ืื™ืœืš 45% ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืก ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ 24% .

 

15.
ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื ื—ืฉื™ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืขื™ืŸ ืžืคืงื—ืช ืœื™ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื”ื—ืœ ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ืžื• ืžื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืฉืชืคื’ืฉื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืฉืžื— ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืืชื›ื ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช . ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืื– ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื•ืจืง ืืœื” ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ื”ื’ื ืฉื”ืขืœื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืจืง ืฉืœ ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืื– ื ืฉืžื— ืœืกืคืง ืœื›ื ืžืขื˜ืคืช ื”ื•ืœืžืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืขื“ ืชื•ืžื•.



 “ืืœ ืชืžืชื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื ื•ืช ื ื“ืœ”ืŸ. ืงื ื” ื ื“ืœ”ืŸ ื•ืชืžืชื™ืŸ”

Harv Eker, ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื


ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื”

ืขื•"ื“ ื•ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืื ื—ืœื™ื—ืœ .


ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืžืœื ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื ื›ืก ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ - ืœื—ืฆื• ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”